Introduction
Have you ever noticed both “totalling” and “totaling” in different texts and wondered which one is correct? The difference in spelling comes down to regional language norms. If you’re writing for an international audience, understanding British and American English conventions is essential.
This guide will clarify whether to use “totalling” and “totaling,” when each is appropriate, and why these spelling variations exist.
The Spelling Difference: Totalling vs. Totaling
What Do “Totalling” and “Totaling” Mean?
Both words mean adding up numbers or reaching a total amount. They are the present participle of “total,” which means “to sum up or amount to a particular value.”
| Word | Definition | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| Totalling (British) | Summing or calculating numbers in UK English. | “He is totalling the monthly expenses.” |
| Totaling (American) | Same meaning as “totalling,” but used in American English. | “She is totaling the sales revenue.” |
Why the Spelling Difference Exists
The spelling variation between “totalling” and “totaling” stems from historical shifts in British and American English.
- British English: Verbs ending in a single vowel + “l” double the “l” before adding “-ing.”
- American English: Spelling is simplified by keeping a single “l” before “-ing.”
This pattern applies to several other words:
| British English | American English |
|---|---|
| Travelling | Traveling |
| Cancelling | Canceling |
| Modelling | Modeling |
| Fuelled | Fueled |
These differences largely stem from Noah Webster, an American lexicographer who simplified English spelling in the 19th century. His changes shaped modern US spelling conventions.
Read More About This Article: Trailer or Trailor: The Correct Spelling and Meaning
British English vs. American English: Understanding the Difference
British English – “Totalling”
In British English, verbs ending in “l” double the final consonant before adding “-ing.”
Examples:
- “The accountant is totalling expenses for the quarter.”
- “She is modelling for a new clothing brand.”
- “The manager is cancelling all unnecessary meetings.”
American English – “Totaling”
In American English, spelling conventions favor a single “l” when adding “-ing.”
Examples:
- “The accountant is totaling expenses for the quarter.”
- “She is modeling for a new clothing brand.”
- “The manager is canceling all unnecessary meetings.”
Spelling Rules & Patterns: When to Use Totalling or Totaling
| Rule | British English | American English |
|---|---|---|
| One-syllable words ending in a single vowel + “l” | Double “l” (e.g., travelling) | Double “l” (e.g., travelling) |
| Multi-syllable words where stress falls on the final syllable | Double “l” (e.g., totalling) | Single “l” (e.g., totaling) |
Usage in Context: Real-World Examples
Business & Finance
- UK report: “The total revenue is still totalling £1.5 million.”
- US report: “The total revenue is still totaling $2 million.”
Mathematics & Accounting
- British firms use “totalling.”
- American companies use “totaling.”
Everyday Writing
- British audience: “I’m totalling up the vacation expenses.”
- American audience: “I’m totaling up the vacation expenses.”
Spelling Conventions Across English-Speaking Countries
| Country | Spelling Preference |
|---|---|
| UK | Totalling |
| Australia | Totalling |
| Canada | Totalling (formal), Totaling (casual) |
| USA | Totaling |
| India | Totalling |
Dictionary Preferences:
- Oxford English Dictionary (UK): Totalling
- Merriam-Webster (USA): Totaling
Common Mistakes & Confusions
Words That Follow the Same British/American Split
| British English | American English |
|---|---|
| Labour | Labor |
| Neighbour | Neighbor |
| Defence | Defense |
| Centre | Center |
Tricky Cases
Some words remain the same in both dialects. For example, “filling” and “spilling” always double the “l” in both British and American English.
Final Verdict: Which One Should You Use?
Professional Writing
- Use “totalling” for British audiences (UK, Australia, Canada).
- Use “totaling” for American audiences (USA).
Academic & Formal Writing
- APA & Chicago Style (US): Use “totaling.”
- Oxford & Cambridge Style (UK): Use “totalling.”
Online & Informal Writing
- Either spelling is acceptable as long as you’re consistent.
- For SEO, match regional preferences based on your audience.
Conclusion
The difference between “totalling” and “totaling” comes down to British and American English spelling conventions.
- British English: Double “l” rule.
- American English: Single “l” rule.
The correct choice depends on your audience and style guidelines.